This data set provides a synthesis about available soil cores collected in Arctic river deltas. The data were compiled from already archived or published studies and includes soil cores or soil profiles collected in within Arctic river deltas in Alaska, Canada, Russia and Greenland. In total, 155 soil cores from 17 different deltas are included in this data set. For each soil core or profile, the depth and the location (coordinates) of the soil core are provided alongside with a reference to the original study and to the original data set publication (if available). This table serves as an overview for the more detailed (sample based) data set of Arctic river deltas (doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.968906) and is the basis for the carbon and nitrogen stock estimation in Arctic river deltas (Fuchs et al., in prep.).