ZTF early observations of type Ia supernovae. III.

DOI

Colors of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) in the first few days after explosion provide a potential discriminant between different models. In this paper, we present g-r colors of 65 SNe Ia discovered within 5d from first light by the Zwicky Transient Facility in 2018, a sample that is about three times larger than that in the literature. We find that g-r colors are intrinsically rather homogeneous at early phases, with about half of the dispersion attributable to photometric uncertainties ({sigma}noise~{sigma}int~0.18mag). Colors are nearly constant starting from 6 days after first light (g-r~-0.15mag), while the time evolution at earlier epochs is characterized by a continuous range of slopes, from events rapidly transitioning from redder to bluer colors (slope of ~-0.25mag/day) to events with a flatter evolution. The continuum in the slope distribution is in good agreement both with models requiring some amount of ^56^Ni mixed in the outermost regions of the ejecta and with "double-detonation" models having thin helium layers (M_He_=0.01M_{sun}_) and varying carbon-oxygen core masses. At the same time, six events show evidence for a distinctive "red bump" signature predicted by double-detonation models with larger helium masses. We finally identify a significant correlation between the early-time g-r slopes and supernova brightness, with brighter events associated to flatter color evolution (p-value=0.006). The distribution of slopes, however, is consistent with being drawn from a single population, with no evidence for two components as claimed in the literature based on B-V colors.

Cone search capability for table J/ApJ/902/48/table1 (Properties of the 65 SNe Ia in our sample)

Identifier
DOI http://doi.org/10.26093/cds/vizier.19020048
Source https://dc.g-vo.org/rr/q/lp/custom/CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/902/48
Related Identifier https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJ/902/48
Related Identifier http://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/902/48
Metadata Access http://dc.g-vo.org/rr/q/pmh/pubreg.xml?verb=GetRecord&metadataPrefix=oai_b2find&identifier=ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/902/48
Provenance
Creator Bulla M.; Miller A.A.; Yao Y.; Dessart L.; Dhawan S.; Papadogiannakis S.,Biswas R.; Goobar A.; Kulkarni S.R.; Nordin J.; Nugent P.; Polin A.,Sollerman J.; Bellm E.C.; Coughlin M.W.; Dekany R.; Golkhou V.Z.,Graham M.J.; Kasliwal M.M.; Kupfer T.; Laher R.R.; Masci F.J.; Porter M.,Rusholme B.; Shupe D.L.
Publisher CDS
Publication Year 2022
Rights https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.html
OpenAccess true
Contact CDS support team <cds-question(at)unistra.fr>
Representation
Resource Type Dataset; AstroObjects
Discipline Astrophysics and Astronomy; Natural Sciences; Observational Astronomy; Physics; Stellar Astronomy