Manganese nodules, coatings and crusts from the Pacific and the Indian oceans were analyzed at Scripps Institution of Oceanography using X-ray emission spectrometry (XES). Samples were ground to < 74 microns, pressed into pellets and dried at 110 Degrees Centigrade. They were analyzed by XES for 400 seconds.

From 1983 until 1989 NOAA-NCEI compiled the NOAA-MMS Marine Minerals Geochemical Database from journal articles, technical reports and unpublished sources from other institutions. At the time it was the most extended data compilation on ferromanganese deposits world wide. Initially published in a proprietary format incompatible with present day standards it was jointly decided by AWI and NOAA to transcribe this legacy data into PANGAEA. This transfer is augmented by a careful checking of the original sources when available and the encoding of ancillary information (sample description, method of analysis...) not present in the NOAA-MMS database.