The European Innovation Scoreboard provides a comparative analysis of the research and innovation performance of the EU Member States, other European countries, and regional neighbours. It assesses relative strengths and weaknesses of national innovation systems and helps countries identify areas they need to address. It covers the EU Member States as well as Iceland, Israel, the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Norway, Serbia, Switzerland, Turkey, and Ukraine. It helps them assess areas in which they need to concentrate their efforts to boost their innovation performance. On a more limited number of indicators, available internationally, it also covers Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, India, Japan, the Russian Federation, South Africa, South Korea, and the United States. The EIS includes 25 different indicators that capture eight innovation dimensions, grouped into three main categories of indicators. The main topics discussed are: - enablers - are the basic building blocks, which allow innovation to take place - human resources, open, excellent and attractive research systems, and finance and support; - firm activities - capture innovation efforts in European companies - company investments, linkages and entrepreneurship, and intellectual assets; - outputs - show how this translates into benefits for the economy as a whole - innovators and economic effects.