The community structure of soil microorganisms plays a decisive role in the balance and storage of organic carbon. Studies on the stimulating effects of other exogenous substances on carbon and nitrogen have also shown that soil microbial communities have a very important controlling effect on the direction of organic carbon change during the organic carbon mineralization process. The addition of exogenous materials can promote organic carbon mineralization and improve microbiological properties, among which soil microbial biomass carbon, diversity index and pH value were the main environmental factors affecting soil organic carbon mineralization, indicating that microbial communities promotes carbon turnover in the mineralization process. At present, in the study of microbial communities, with the rapid development of next-generation sequencing technology and molecular biology, non-culture biotechnology with 16S rRNA as a gene target is universally applicable. The coverage of 16S rRNA sequencing library was over 99.5%, which could cover almost all archaea in the sample and reflect the community composition and diversity level.