This dataset contains all the necessary data (including cluster flares locations and flow rate, CTD temperature, salinity and methane concentration, cold coral reefs locations, nodes locations as well as seep locations) for reproducing the results in the associated article: "Contrasting methane seepage dynamics in Hola trough offshore Norway: Insights from two different summers" (19/01/2024)

Abstract: This study investigates the temporal variations in methane concentration and flare activity in the Hola trough (offshore Norway) during May 2018 and June 2022. Between these time periods, methane seep activity exhibits 3.5 times increase, as evidenced by hydroacoustic measurements. As the seep area in the Hola trough is constantly within the hydrate stability zone, the observed increase cannot be attributed to migration of its shallow boundary due to temperature increase. However, a decrease in the sediment pore pressure resulting in a combination of an increase in bottom water temperature and low tide conditions is likely to explain the increase in seep observations in June 2022. The hypothesis of tide influence is supported by data collected from a piezometer deployed and recovered during the cruise showing that the tidal effect was observed 3 meters below the seafloor. Despite the numerous methane seeps detected, methane concentration and gas flow rates near the seafloor were low (<19 nM and <70 mL min-1, respectively) compared to other areas with methane seep activity. This is likely due to strong currents rapidly dispersing methane in the water column. Sub-seafloor investigations identified pathways for gas migration in methane seep areas, influenced by topography. This study provides valuable insights into the temporal dynamics of methane concentrations, flare activity, and gas distribution in the Hola trough, contributing to our understanding of offshore methane dynamics in the region.

ESP3, 1.52

flare_clustering, 1

QPS Fledermaus, 7.8.1

ArcGIS, 10.8.2

FMMidwater, 7.8.1