Anopheles gambiae microRNAs have been profiled at different stages of the mosquito life cycle (Lampe & Levashina, 2018), but no research has been conducted to investigate the role of An. gambiae small RNAs in insecticide resistance. This project will identify known and novel small RNAs that are differentially expressed in multiple highly resistant mosquito strains, and those that are induced in response to insecticide exposure.