We aimed at analyzing the composition and structure of the phyllosphere bacterial communities of W. australiana and addressed two major questions: (1) what is the specialty of the bacterial community in the phyllosphere of floating macrophytes (2) what controls the bacterial communities of the macrophyte phyllosphere in paddy soils. 16S rDNA V3 section of bacteria associated with phyllosphere of Wolffia australiana, water, and soil in paddy-soil ecosystem.