The P3M platform offers two special features linked to its position in the Mediterranean context. It is a biodiversity hot spot, in terms of both animal and plant biodiversity. It is also a "hot spot" for climate change, marked by an increase in the intensity and frequency of hydroclimatic extremes (cevenol episodes, flash floods, droughts, aridification, heat waves, etc.). We need a better understanding of the interrelationships between human activities, climatic phenomena, biophysical processes and biodiversity, especially as the Mediterranean region is subject to increasing anthropogenic pressure. These interrelationships are expressed differently depending on the constraints faced by the agro-ecosystems along the platform (mid-mountains, high plateaus, piedmonts and wine-growing hilly plains).