This volume contains the first results of a study into the methodology of archaeological predictive modelling, funded by the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research programme for the Preservation and Development of the Archaeological Heritage. In addition to the project description, it contains the full Baseline Report produced during the first phase of the project (2002-2003) and a total of nine invited and refereed articles by internationally recognised experts in this and related fields. Together, these chapters constitute the first volume dedicated to looking in detail at the theory and methodology of predictive cartographic modelling for archaeological heritage management since Judge and Sebastian’s seminal 1988 volume Quantifying the Present and Predicting the Past.