This dataset is a component of the PAN-Arctic data collection of benthic BIOtas (PANABIO) and has been collated during the Census of Marine Life project Arctic Ocean Diversity (ArcOD; http://www.arcodiv.org/). It contains a total of 380 presence records of 56 macrobenthic polychaete taxa (species and genus level) identified in 35 box corer samples taken at a total of 15 stations located in the northwestern Greenland Sea at water depths of 183–2,795m during two cruises in 1994 and 1995, respectively. The dataset is also available in a PostgreSQL-based data warehouse that can be accessed and queried through an open-access frontend web service at https://critterbase.awi.de/panabio.