Biosurfactants are a promising alternative for chemical dispersants to combat marine oil spills. The German Bight is characterized as a shallow, densely navigated basin. This 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing study aimed at identifying the impacts of a biosurfactant (i.e., rhamnolipid) and of chemical dispersants (i.e., Corexit 9500 and Slickgone NS) on the composition of the microbial community from North Sea seawater. 16S rRNA genes were amplified using universal primers 515F and 806R. Subsequent library preparation steps (Nextera, Illumina) and 250 bp paired-end sequencing with MiSeq (Illumina, San Diego, CA, USA) using v2 chemistry were performed.