The datasets and codes included in this DANS Data Station support the study "Modelling the Impact of Ecosystem Fragmentation on Ecosystem Services in the Degraded Ethiopian Highlands." The purpose of these datasets is to assess the impact of ecosystem fragmentation on critical ecosystem services, with a focus on data collected in 2019 and 2020. The field-based ecosystem services measurements capture data on three key services: grass biomass production, heat stress regulation, and crop pollination services across the study area. Social media geotagged photographs are used to estimate nature-based tourism services in the Lake Tana basin, with visitation rates serving as a proxy for cultural services data. Additionally, remote sensing-based products, including vegetation indices, land cover changes, and ecosystem fragmentation indices, provide crucial spatiotemporal input for modeling the effects of ecosystem fragmentation on ecosystem services in 2000 and 2020. The datasets are designed to provide a comprehensive understanding of how fragmentation has impacted these services, offering a basis for further analysis and decision-making in landscape management and conservation strategies in the Ethiopian Highlands.

The datasets also include input predictor variables (fragmentation metrics) for each of the four modelled ecosystem services, providing comprehensive spatial information on how fragmentation influences ecosystem functioning. Additionally, the provided R codes are tailored for each ecosystem service, allowing for the modelling and analysis of the services under different fragmentation scenarios, with data from 2020 and 2000.