Rupture strength of living cell monolayers

DOI

To fulfil their function, epithelial tissues need to sustain mechanical stresses and avoid rupture. While rupture is usually undesired, it is central to some developmental processes, for example blastocoel formation. Nonetheless, little is known about tissue rupture because it is a multiscale phenomenon that necessitates comprehension of the interplay between mechanical forces and biological processes at the molecular and cellular scales. Here we characterise rupture in epithelial monolayers using mechanical measurements, live imaging and computational modelling. We show that, despite consisting of only a single layer of cells, monolayers can withstand surprisingly large deformations, often accommodating several-fold increases in their length before rupture. At large deformation, epithelia increase their stiffness multiple fold in a process controlled by a supracellular network of keratin filaments. Perturbing keratin network organisation fragilized monolayers and prevented strain-stiffening. Although the kinetics of adhesive bond rupture ultimately control tissue strength, tissue rheology and the history of deformation set the strain and stress at the onsetof fracture.

Identifier
DOI https://doi.org/10.5522/04/21407160.v1
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Metadata Access https://api.figshare.com/v2/oai?verb=GetRecord&metadataPrefix=oai_datacite&identifier=oai:figshare.com:article/21407160
Provenance
Creator Charras, Guillaume; Duque Lloredo, Julia; Ferber, Emma; Fouchard, Jonathan; Kabla, Alexandre ORCID logo; Bonfanti, Alessandra; Barriga, Elias H.
Publisher University College London UCL
Contributor Figshare
Publication Year 2024
Rights https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
OpenAccess true
Contact researchdatarepository(at)ucl.ac.uk
Representation
Language English
Resource Type Dataset
Discipline Basic Biological and Medical Research; Biochemistry; Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology; Life Sciences; Medicine; Medicine and Health; Physiology