This dataset includes foraminiferal trace element ratios, stable isotopes, and pteropod abundance estimates from marine sediment core PS1243, located in the central Norwegian Sea. New stable oxygen and carbon isotope measurements were conducted on the epibenthic foraminiferal species Cibicidoides wuellerstorfi, expanding upon previously published isotope data from Bauch et al. (2012). Additional stable oxygen and carbon isotope data for the planktic foraminiferal species Neogloboquadrina pachyderma from Bauch et al. (2012) are also reported in the dataset. Pteropod abundance estimates were calculated as weight percent for the aragonitic genus Limacina spp. Molar trace element ratios, including Mn/Ca, Al/Ca, and B/Ca, were measured in C. wuellerstorfi. Bottom-water carbonate ion concentrations were calculated from C. wuellerstorfi B/Ca ratios using the calibration of Yu and Elderfield (2007), with corrections for anthropogenic CO₂-induced changes in seawater carbonate ion concentrations. This dataset provides insights into glacial-interglacial and millennial-scale variations in deep-water formation in the Norwegian Sea over the past 130,000 years.

Cibicidoides wuellerstorfi δ18O values were corrected (corr.) by +0.64 ‰ VPDB to account for disequilibrium effects.The depth in gravity core PS1243-1 was corrected by +9 cm to align with the sediment sequence of giant trigger box core PS1243-2.The Limit of detection (LOD) of the C. wuellerstorfi Al/Ca ratios is Al/Ca<11 μmol/mol.