Rice is the staple food for more than half of the world population with one of the highest water requirements of all global arable crops (~2500 l per kg). Attaining more crop per drop of water requires the more efficient use of water through developing soil, water, and crop management solutions. Recent ground-breaking field trials suggest water requirement of rice could be reduced by up to 42% through carefully tailored irrigation regimes. This project will focus on unraveling the root architectural adaptations of rice genotypes and under imposed soil hydraulic conditions using non-destructive in situ neutron and complimentary X-ray imaging techniques.