Fifty-nine bulk soil samples were from a collection known as the “Mainz Sandbank”, comprising samples from across the Sahara-Sahel region collected on multiple field trips since 1970. Elemental and radiogenic isotope analyses were performed on the fine silt-clay fraction of the soil (< 20 µm). Major and trace element composition were obtained using an Agilent 7900 quadrupole ICP-MS instrument with 2.5% HNO3 as eluent. International reference materials (basalts BHVO-2 and BCR-2) were analyzed during each measurement session, and the data agree within ±10% of the recommended reference concentrations (Jochum et al., 2016). Strontium, Nd, and Pb isotope compositions were measured by thermal ionization mass spectrometry (TIMS Triton, ThermoFisher). Accuracy and reproducibility were determined with replicate measurements of SRM 987 and La Jolla standards, respectively. The Pb isotope data were corrected offline for instrumental mass bias using a double (207Pb-204Pb) or triple (204Pb-206Pb-207Pb) spike technique. Accuracy and reproducibility were determined using multiple analyses of the NIST SRM-981 standard.In addition, four soil samples with distinct bedrock ages and soil types were selected from Mali and Morocco to test the effect of grain size and of selective HBr leaching (to remove anthropogenic Pb) on radiogenic isotope signatures. HBr leaching experiments were also performed on aerosols collected along the sahelian Harmattan road. Finally, and in addition to this new dataset, a summary of available radiogenic isotope signatures (Sr-Nd-Pb) from North African soils in the literature is provided for future studies. This dataset is a support of the article Characterization of Saharan and Sahelian dust sources based on geochemical and radiogenic isotope signatures published by Guinoiseau et al., 2022 (doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2022.107729).