MAX phases exhibit a unique combination of the characteristics ofboth ceramics and metals coupled with an unusual combination of mechanical, electrical and thermal properties. Such unique properties make these materials ideally suited for a wide range of engineering and high-temperature applications. However, MAX phases are susceptible to phase decomposition in vacuum at elevated temperature. Recent predictions indicate that self-recovery is possible in MAX 312 and 413 phases with a lower-order 211 phase, but the underlying processes are still poorly understood. This proposal investigates the capability of decomposed Ti3AlC2, Ti3GeC2, Ta4AlC3 & Ti4AlN3 to self-recover in vacuum at elevated temperature. Advances in the understanding of self-recovery will enable the unique multi-functional properties of MAX phases to be fully utilised and exploited.