Provenance tests are invaluable resources in forest genetics and ecology. They were originally established for seed sourcing research, but they are now also used for monitoring and predicting population responses to environmental changes. They have also excited considerable interest for conservation purposes.

We provide here a data resource for a multisite large-scale long-term provenance test on sessile oak (Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl.) set up in the late 1980s in France, containing also a few Q. robur provenances as well.. The experimental layout comprises a range-wide collection of 124 provenances (109 Q.petraea and 15 Q. robur) planted at four experimental sites covering 90 ha in total.

The dataset includes individual tree assessments of traits of functional, ecological and economic importance.

The data are stored within the « Oak provenance »  data base : Oak provenances