The main task of the Neumayer Air Chemistry Observatory at Neumayer III Station is to provide continuous, year-round as well as long-term data records for important gaseous and particulate trace components of the troposphere. The data set reports on long term atmospheric observations (chemical composition of the aerosol, physical properties of the aerosol and surface ozone, and particle concentration) at the Air Chemistry Observatory (Neumayer III, Antarctica) between 1 January 2023 and 31 December 2023, measured about 5-7 m above ground. Data are typically available in 60 sec resolution. For additional information about the observatory visit homepage: https://www.awi.de/en/science/long-term-observations/atmosphere/antarctic-neumayer/air-chemistry.html