Spitzer variability detections of 79 brown dwarfs

DOI

We present Spitzer Space Telescope variability monitoring observations of three low-gravity L dwarfs with previous detections of variability in the near-IR: 2MASSJ0045+16, 2MASSJ0501-00, and 2MASSJ1425-36. We detect significant periodic variability in two of our targets, 2MASS J0045+16 and 2MASS J0501-00. We do not detect variability in 2MASS J1425-36. Combining our new rotation periods with rotational velocities, we calculate inclination angles of 22{deg}{+/-}1{deg}, 60_-8_^+13^{deg}, and 52_-13_^+19^{deg} for 2MASSJ0045+16, 2MASSJ0501-00, and 2MASSJ1425-36, respectively. Our three new objects are consistent with the tentative relations between inclination, amplitude, and color anomaly previously reported. Objects with the highest variability amplitudes are inclined equator on, while the maximum observed amplitude decreases as the inclination angle decreases. We also find a correlation between the inclination angle and (J-K)2MASS color anomaly for the sample of objects with measured inclinations. Compiling the entire sample of brown dwarfs with Spitzer variability detections, we find no enhancement in amplitude for young, early-L dwarfs compared to the field dwarf population. We find a possible enhancement in amplitude of low-gravity late-L dwarfs at 4.5{mu}m. We do not find a correlation between amplitude ratio and spectral type for field dwarfs or for the young population. Finally, we compile the rotation periods of a large sample of brown dwarfs with ages 1Myr-1Gyr and compare the rotation rates predicted by evolutionary models assuming angular momentum conservation. We find that the rotation rates of the current sample of brown dwarfs fall within the expected range set by evolutionary models and breakup limits.

Cone search capability for table J/AJ/160/38/table3 (Brown dwarf variability detections and upper limits in the infrared)

Identifier
DOI http://doi.org/10.26093/cds/vizier.51600038
Source https://dc.g-vo.org/rr/q/lp/custom/CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/160/38
Related Identifier https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/AJ/160/38
Related Identifier http://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/160/38
Metadata Access http://dc.g-vo.org/rr/q/pmh/pubreg.xml?verb=GetRecord&metadataPrefix=oai_b2find&identifier=ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/160/38
Provenance
Creator Vos J.M.; Biller B.A.; Allers K.N.; Faherty J.K.; Liu M.C.; Metchev S.,Eriksson S.; Manjavacas E.; Dupuy T.J.; Janson M.; Radigan-Hoffman J.,Crossfield I.; Bonnefoy M.; Best W.M.J.; Homeier D.; Schlieder J.E.,Brandner W.; Henning T.; Bonavita M.; Buenzli E.
Publisher CDS
Publication Year 2020
Rights https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.html
OpenAccess true
Contact CDS support team <cds-question(at)unistra.fr>
Representation
Resource Type Dataset; AstroObjects
Discipline Astrophysics and Astronomy; Natural Sciences; Observational Astronomy; Physics; Stellar Astronomy