This data represents coral reef ecological surveys conducted in the Kingdom of Tonga from 2016-2018. 375 sites were surveyed across the Tongatapu, Ha'apai and Vava'u island groups by Patrick Smallhorn-West, Dr. Daniela Ceccarelli and Karen Stone. Data includes reef fish belt transects and benthic photoquadrats or point intercept data. In addition, the values of a range of socio-environmental predictor variables are also included in this data set. Two files are uploaded:Tonga Reef Surveys Raw Data 2016-2018 contains the raw reef fish data.Tonga Reef Surveys Transect Data 2016-2018 contains the transect level values.All surveys were conducted on SCUBA. Metadata on depth, location, transect length, width etc. are included in the data files.Socio-environmental spatial data is available at https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.904800