Massive star-forming regions radio lines

DOI

We present Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA) observations of the H_2_O maser line and radio continuum at 18.0GHz and 22.8GHz toward a sample of 192 massive star-forming regions containing several clumps already imaged at 1.2mm. The main aim of this study is to investigate the water maser and centimeter continuum emission (that likely traces thermal free-free emission) in sources at different evolutionary stages, using evolutionary classifications previously published. We used the recently comissioned Compact Array Broadband Backend (CABB) at ATCA that obtains images with 20arcsec resolution in the 1.3cm continuum and H_2_O maser emission in all targets. For the evolutionary analysis of the sources we used millimeter continuum emission from the literature and the infrared emission from the MSX Point Source Catalog. We detect centimeter continuum emission in 88% of the observed fields with a typical rms noise level of 0.45mJy/beam. Most of the fields show a single radio continuum source, while in 20% of them we identify multiple components. A total of 214 centimeter continuum sources have been identified, that likely trace optically thin HII regions, with physical parameters typical of both extended and compact HII regions. Water maser emission was detected in 41% of the regions, resulting in a total of 85 distinct components. The low angular (20arcsec) and spectral (14km/s) resolutions do not allow a proper analysis of the water maser emission, but suffice to investigate its association with the continuum sources. We have also studied the detection rate of HII regions in the two types of IRAS sources defined in the literature on the basis of the IRAS colors: High and Low. No significant differences are found, with high detection rates (>90%) for both High and Low sources. We classify the millimeter and infrared sources in our fields in three evolutionary stages following the scheme presented previously: (Type 1) millimeter-only sources, (Type 2) millimeter plus infrared sources, (Type 3) infrared-only sources. We find that HII regions are mainly associated with Type 2 and Type 3 objects, confirming that these are more evolved than Type 1 sources. The HII regions associated with Type 3 sources are slightly less dense and larger in size than those associated with Type 2 sources, as expected if the HII region expands as it evolves, and Type 3 objects are older than Type 2 objects. The maser emission is mostly found to be associated with Type 1 and Type 2 sources, with a higher detection rate toward Type 2, consistent with the results of the literature. Finally, our results on HII region and H_2_O maser association with different evolutionary types confirm the evolutionary classification proposed previously.

Cone search capability for table J/A+A/550/A21/masers (Water masers detected (table4))

Cone search capability for table J/A+A/550/A21/type2 (Sources classified as Type 2 objects (table8))

Cone search capability for table J/A+A/550/A21/type1 (Sources classified as Type 1 objects (table7))

Cone search capability for table J/A+A/550/A21/type3 (Sources classified as Type 3 objects (table9))

Cone search capability for table J/A+A/550/A21/obs (Target fields observed with ATCA at 18.0GHz and 22.8GHz (table1))

Cone search capability for table J/A+A/550/A21/cm (ATCA centimeter continuum sources at 18.0GHz and 22.8GHz (table3))

Identifier
DOI http://doi.org/10.26093/cds/vizier.35500021
Source https://dc.g-vo.org/rr/q/lp/custom/CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/550/A21
Related Identifier https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/550/A21
Related Identifier http://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/550/A21
Metadata Access http://dc.g-vo.org/rr/q/pmh/pubreg.xml?verb=GetRecord&metadataPrefix=oai_b2find&identifier=ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/550/A21
Provenance
Creator Sanchez-Monge A.; Beltran M.T.; Cesaroni R.; Fontani F.; Brand J.,Molinari S.; Testi L.; Burton M.
Publisher CDS
Publication Year 2013
Rights https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.html
OpenAccess true
Contact CDS support team <cds-question(at)unistra.fr>
Representation
Resource Type Dataset; AstroObjects
Discipline Astrophysics and Astronomy; Cosmology; Galactic and extragalactic Astronomy; Interstellar medium; Natural Sciences; Observational Astronomy; Physics; Stellar Astronomy