To obtain the fire history in the southwestern Africa, we analyze microcharcoal data of 81 samples from marine sediment core GeoB20628-1 which was retrieved from the southern coast of South Africa, east of the Breede River mouth, during RV METEOR cruise M123 (34°33.880′ S, 21°05.670′ E) in 71 m water depth. For the identification, two size classes were defined based on the length of the long axis of each fragment (10-100 μm and >100 μm) which could reflect regional fire signal and local fire signal, respectively. Microcharcoal concentrations were calculated to reconstruct the fire evolution since the last deglaciation. We observe a relatively low fire signal during the last deglaciation which starts to increase during the transition from the last deglaciation to the Holocene. Another high fire signal can be observed during the last 1300 years which might be associated with the vegetation shift and human activities.